Judith Jansdr. Leyster (Haarlem, 1609 – Heemstede, 1660) was a Dutch Golden Age painter and draftswoman from North-Holland. She worked alternately in both Haarlem and Amsterdam. In 1633 she became a member of the Harlem Guild of Saint Luke as the first female painter and obtained the title ‘Master Painter’.

Judith Leyster was a pupil of both Frans Hals and her husband, Jan Miense Molenaer. She mainly painted genre scenes, portraits and still lifes. Because her method of painting was deceptively similar to that of Frans Hals’, a number of her paintings were, for a long time, attributed to him.